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  • Journal article
    Winder-Rhodes SE, Hampshire A, Rowe JB, Peelle JE, Robbins TW, Owen AM, Barker RAet al., 2015,

    Association between MAPT haplotype and memory function in patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy aging individuals.

    , Neurobiol Aging, Vol: 36, Pages: 1519-1528

    Genetic variation is associated with differences in the function of the brain as well as its susceptibility to disease. The common H1 haplotypic variant of the microtubule-associated protein tau gene (MAPT) has been related to an increased risk for Parkinson's disease (PD). Furthermore, among PD patients, H1 homozygotes have an accelerated progression to dementia. We investigated the neurocognitive correlates of MAPT haplotypes using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thirty-seven nondemented patients with PD (19 H1/H1, 18 H2 carriers) and 40 age-matched controls (21 H1/H1, 19 H2 carriers) were scanned during performance of a picture memory encoding task. Behaviorally, H1 homozygosity was associated with impaired picture recognition memory in PD patients and control subjects. These impairments in the H1 homozygotes were accompanied by an altered blood-oxygen level-dependent response in the medial temporal lobe during successful memory encoding. Additional age-related differences in blood-oxygen level-dependent response were observed in the medial temporal lobes of H1 homozygotes with PD. These results suggest that common variation in MAPT is not only associated with the dementia of PD but also differences in the neural circuitry underlying aspects of cognition in normal aging.
  • Journal article
    Vijayan R, Scott G, Brownlie W, Male P, Chin Ket al., 2015,

    How Sharp is a "Sharp Scratch"? A Mixed Methods Study of Verbal Warnings Issued Before Venipuncture

    , PAIN PRACTICE, Vol: 15, Pages: 132-139, ISSN: 1530-7085
  • Journal article
    Kweh FA, Miller JL, Sulsona CR, Wasserfall C, Atkinson M, Shuster JJ, Goldstone AP, Driscoll DJet al., 2015,

    Hyperghrelinemia in Prader-Willi Syndrome Begins in Early Infancy Long Before the Onset of Hyperphagia

    , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A, Vol: 167, Pages: 69-79, ISSN: 1552-4825
  • Book
    Bereket A, Kiess W, Lustig RH, Muller HL, Goldstone AP, Weiss R, Yavuz Y, Hochberg Zet al., 2015,

    Hypothalamic Obesity in Children

    , Publisher: KARGER, ISBN: 978-3-318-02798-3
  • Conference paper
    Majewska P, Ribeiro Violante I, Lorenz R, De Simoni S, Sharp Det al., 2015,

    EEG characteristics of memory deficits in acute traumatic brain injury patients with post-traumatic amnesia

    , The Society of British Neurological Surgeons Meeting 2015
  • Journal article
    Scott G, Fagerholm ED, Mutoh H, Leech R, Sharp DJ, Shew WL, Knöpfel Tet al., 2014,

    Voltage imaging of waking mouse cortex reveals emergence of critical neuronal dynamics

    , The Journal of Neuroscience, Vol: 34, Pages: 16611-16620, ISSN: 0270-6474

    Complex cognitive processes require neuronal activity to be coordinated across multiple scales, ranging from local microcircuits to cortex-wide networks. However, multiscale cortical dynamics are not well understood because few experimental approaches have provided sufficient support for hypotheses involving multiscale interactions. To address these limitations, we used, in experiments involving mice, genetically encoded voltage indicator imaging, which measures cortex-wide electrical activity at high spatiotemporal resolution. Here we show that, as mice recovered from anesthesia, scale-invariant spatiotemporal patterns of neuronal activity gradually emerge. We show for the first time that this scale-invariant activity spans four orders of magnitude in awake mice. In contrast, we found that the cortical dynamics of anesthetized mice were not scale invariant. Our results bridge empirical evidence from disparate scales and support theoretical predictions that the awake cortex operates in a dynamical regime known as criticality. The criticality hypothesis predicts that small-scale cortical dynamics are governed by the same principles as those governing larger-scale dynamics. Importantly, these scale-invariant principles also optimize certain aspects of information processing. Our results suggest that during the emergence from anesthesia, criticality arises as information processing demands increase. We expect that, as measurement tools advance toward larger scales and greater resolution, the multiscale framework offered by criticality will continue to provide quantitative predictions and insight on how neurons, microcircuits, and large-scale networks are dynamically coordinated in the brain.
  • Journal article
    Scott G, Hellyer PJ, Hampshire A, Leech Ret al., 2014,

    Exploring spatiotemporal network transitions in task functional MRI

    , Hum. Brain Mapp., Pages: n/a-n/a, ISSN: 1097-0193
  • Journal article
    Monti RP, Hellyer P, Sharp D, Leech R, Anagnostopoulos C, Montana Get al., 2014,

    Estimating time-varying brain connectivity networks from functional MRI time series

    , NEUROIMAGE, Vol: 103, Pages: 427-443, ISSN: 1053-8119
  • Journal article
    Hiebert NM, Vo A, Hampshire A, Owen AM, Seergobin KN, MacDonald PAet al., 2014,

    Striatum in stimulus-response learning via feedback and in decision making.

    , Neuroimage, Vol: 101, Pages: 448-457

    Cognitive deficits are recognized in Parkinson's disease. Understanding cognitive functions mediated by the striatum can clarify some of these impairments and inform treatment strategies. The dorsal striatum, a region impaired in Parkinson's disease, has been implicated in stimulus-response learning. However, most investigations combine acquisition of associations between stimuli, responses, or outcomes (i.e., learning) and expression of learning through response selection and decision enactment, confounding these separate processes. Using neuroimaging, we provide evidence that dorsal striatum does not mediate stimulus-response learning from feedback but rather underlies decision making once associations between stimuli and responses are learned. In the experiment, 11 males and 5 females (mean age 22) learned to associate abstract images to specific button-press responses through feedback in Session 1. In Session 2, they were asked to provide responses learned in Session 1. Feedback was omitted, precluding further feedback-based learning in this session. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, dorsal striatum activation in healthy young participants was observed at the time of response selection and not during feedback, when greatest learning presumably occurs. Moreover, dorsal striatum activity increased across the duration of Session 1, peaking after most associations were well learned, and was significant during Session 2 where no feedback was provided, and therefore no feedback-based learning occurred. Preferential ventral striatum activity occurred during feedback and was maximal early in Session 1. Taken together, the results suggest that the ventral striatum underlies learning associations between stimuli and responses via feedback whereas the dorsal striatum mediates enacting decisions.
  • Journal article
    MacFarlane JW, Payton OD, Keatley AC, Scott GPT, Pullin H, Crane RA, Smilion M, Popescu I, Curlea V, Scott TBet al., 2014,

    Lightweight aerial vehicles for monitoring, assessment and mapping of radiation anomalies

    , JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY, Vol: 136, Pages: 127-130, ISSN: 0265-931X

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