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  • Journal article
    Nombela C, Rowe JB, Winder-Rhodes SE, Hampshire A, Owen AM, Breen DP, Duncan GW, Khoo TK, Yarnall AJ, Firbank MJ, Chinnery PF, Robbins TW, O'Brien JT, Brooks DJ, Burn DJ, Barker RAet al., 2014,

    Genetic impact on cognition and brain function in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease: ICICLE-PD study

    , Brain, Vol: 137, Pages: 2743-2758, ISSN: 0006-8950

    Parkinson’s disease is associated with multiple cognitive impairments and increased risk of dementia, but the extent of these deficits varies widely among patients. The ICICLE-PD study was established to define the characteristics and prevalence of cognitive change soon after diagnosis, in a representative cohort of patients, using a multimodal approach. Specifically, we tested the ‘Dual Syndrome’ hypothesis for cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease, which distinguishes an executive syndrome (affecting the frontostriatal regions due to dopaminergic deficits) from a posterior cortical syndrome (affecting visuospatial, mnemonic and semantic functions related to Lewy body pathology and secondary cholinergic loss). An incident Parkinson’s disease cohort (n = 168, median 8 months from diagnosis to participation) and matched control group (n = 85) were recruited to a neuroimaging study at two sites in the UK. All participants underwent clinical, neuropsychological and functional magnetic resonance imaging assessments. The three neuroimaging tasks (Tower of London, Spatial Rotations and Memory Encoding Tasks) were designed to probe executive, visuospatial and memory encoding domains, respectively. Patients were also genotyped for three polymorphisms associated with cognitive change in Parkinson’s disease and related disorders: (i) rs4680 for COMT Val158Met polymorphism; (ii) rs9468 for MAPT H1 versus H2 haplotype; and (iii) rs429358 for APOE-ε2, 3, 4. We identified performance deficits in all three cognitive domains, which were associated with regionally specific changes in cortical activation. Task-specific regional activations in Parkinson’s disease were linked with genetic variation: the rs4680 polymorphism modulated the effect of levodopa therapy on planning-related activations in the frontoparietal network; the MAPT haplotype modulated parietal activations associated with spatial rotations; and APOE allelic varia
  • Journal article
    Sharp DJ, 2014,

    The association of traumatic brain injury with rate of progression of cognitive and functional impairment in a population-based cohort of Alzheimer's disease: the Cache County dementia progression study by Gilbert et al. Late effects of traumatic brain injury on dementia progression

    , INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS, Vol: 26, Pages: 1591-1592, ISSN: 1041-6102
  • Journal article
    Scott G, Sharp DJ, Ramlackhansingh A, Hellyer P, Leech R, Greenwood R, Turkheimer F, Heckemann R, Matthews P, Brooks Det al., 2014,

    NEUROINFLAMMATION AND AMYLOID PATHOLOGY AFTER TBI

    , JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 85, ISSN: 0022-3050
  • Conference paper
    Jenkins P, De Simoni S, Grover P, Waldman A, Sharp Det al., 2014,

    HIPPOCAMPAL CONNECTIVITY AND POST-TRAUMATIC AMNESIA

    , Meeting of the Associatiion-of-British-Neurologists, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, ISSN: 0022-3050
  • Conference paper
    Mason S, Zhang J, Rowe J, Barker R, Hampshire Aet al., 2014,

    FRONTOSTRIATAL ABNORMALITIES IN HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE: AN FMRI STUDY

    , 8th European-Huntington's-Disease-Network Plenary Meeting, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A45-A45, ISSN: 0022-3050
  • Journal article
    Jilka SR, Scott G, Ham T, Pickering A, Bonnelle V, Braga RM, Leech R, Sharp DJet al., 2014,

    Damage to the Salience Network and Interactions with the Default Mode Network

    , JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Vol: 34, Pages: 10798-10807, ISSN: 0270-6474
  • Journal article
    Leech R, Scott G, Carhart-Harris R, Turkheimer F, Taylor-Robinson SD, Sharp DJet al., 2014,

    Spatial Dependencies between Large-Scale Brain Networks

    , PLoS ONE, Vol: 9

    <p>Functional neuroimaging reveals both increases (task-positive) and decreases (task-negative) in neural activation with many tasks. Many studies show a <italic>temporal</italic> relationship between task positive and task negative networks that is important for efficient cognitive functioning. Here we provide evidence for a <italic>spatial</italic> relationship between task positive and negative networks. There are strong spatial similarities between many reported task negative brain networks, termed the default mode network, which is typically assumed to be a spatially fixed network. However, this is not the case. The spatial structure of the DMN varies depending on what specific task is being performed. We test whether there is a fundamental <italic>spatial</italic> relationship between task positive and negative networks. Specifically, we hypothesize that the distance between task positive and negative voxels is consistent despite different spatial patterns of activation and deactivation evoked by different cognitive tasks. We show significantly reduced variability in the distance between within-condition task positive and task negative voxels than across-condition distances for four different sensory, motor and cognitive tasks - implying that deactivation patterns are spatially dependent on activation patterns (and <italic>vice versa</italic>), and that both are modulated by specific task demands. We also show a similar relationship between positively and negatively correlated networks from a third ‘rest’ dataset, in the absence of a specific task. We propose that this spatial relationship may be the macroscopic analogue of microscopic neuronal organization reported in sensory cortical systems, and that this organization may reflect homeostatic plasticity necessary for efficient brain function.</p>
  • Journal article
    Daud NM, Ismail NA, Thomas EL, Fitzpatrick JA, Bell JD, Swann JR, Costabile A, Childs CE, Pedersen C, Goldstone AP, Frost GSet al., 2014,

    The Impact of Oligofructose on Stimulation of Gut Hormones, Appetite Regulation and Adiposity

    , OBESITY, Vol: 22, Pages: 1430-1438, ISSN: 1930-7381
  • Journal article
    Miras AD, Scholtz S, Chhina N, Durighel G, Bell JD, Le Roux C, Goldstone APet al., 2014,

    Role for Increased Plasma PYY and GLP-1 in Reducing Anticipatory Food Reward after Gastric Bypass Surgery

    , ENDOCRINE REVIEWS, Vol: 35, ISSN: 0163-769X
  • Journal article
    Goldstone AP, Prechtl CG, Scholtz S, Miras AD, Chhina N, Durighel G, Deliran SS, Beckmann C, Ghatei MA, Ashby DR, Waldman AD, Gaylinn BD, Thorner MO, Frost GS, Bloom SR, Bell JDet al., 2014,

    Ghrelin mimics fasting to enhance human hedonic, orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampal responses to food

    , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, Vol: 99, Pages: 1319-1330, ISSN: 0002-9165

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