@article{Ibitoye:2016:10.1007/s00415-016-8336-4,
author = {Ibitoye, RT and Wilkins, A and Scolding, NJ},
doi = {10.1007/s00415-016-8336-4},
journal = {Journal of Neurology},
pages = {1023--1028},
title = {Neurosarcoidosis: a clinical approach to diagnosis and management},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-016-8336-4},
volume = {264},
year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Sarcoidosis is a rare but important cause ofneurological morbidity, and neurological symptoms oftenherald the diagnosis. Our understanding of neurosarcoidosishas evolved from early descriptions of a uveoparotidfever to include presentations involving every part of theneural axis. The diagnosis should be suspected in patientswith sarcoidosis who develop new neurological symptoms,those presenting with syndromes highly suggestive ofneurosarcoidosis, or neuro-inflammatory disease wheremore common causes have been excluded. Investigationshould look for evidence of neuro-inflammation, bestachieved by contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonanceimaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Evidence ofsarcoidosis outside the nervous system should be sought insearch of tissue for biopsy. Skin lesions should be identi-fied and biopsies taken. Chest radiography including highresolutioncomputed tomography is often informative. Indifficult cases, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emissiontomography and gallium-67 imaging may identify subclinicaldisease and a target for biopsy. Symptomaticpatients should be treated with corticosteroids, and ifclinically indicated other immunosuppressants such ashydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide ormethotrexate should be added. Anti-tumour necrosis factoralpha therapies may be considered in refractory disease butcaution should be exercised as there is evidence to suggestthey may unmask disease.
AU  - Ibitoye,RT
AU  - Wilkins,A
AU  - Scolding,NJ
DO  - 10.1007/s00415-016-8336-4
EP  - 1028
PY  - 2016///
SN  - 0340-5354
SP  - 1023
TI  - Neurosarcoidosis: a clinical approach to diagnosis and management
T2  - Journal of Neurology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-016-8336-4
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/52559
VL  - 264
ER  - 

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