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  • Book chapter
    Kenkmann T, Collins GS, Wuennemann K, 2013,

    The modification stage of crater formation

    , Impact Cratering: Processes and Products, Editors: Osinski, Pierazzo, Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN: 9781405198295
  • Conference paper
    Rood DH, Brown TA, Finkel RC, Guilderson TPet al., 2013,

    Poisson and non-Poisson uncertainty estimations of <sup>10</sup>Be/ <sup>9</sup>Be measurements at LLNL-CAMS

    , Pages: 426-429, ISSN: 0168-583X

    We quantify the routine performance and uncertainties of 10Be measurements made on the CAMS FN accelerator mass spectrometer in combination with the CAMS high-intensity cesium sputter source. Our analysis compiles data from 554 primary and secondary standard targets measured on 47 different wheels in nine different run campaigns over a 1-year interval (September 2009-September 2010). The series includes 87, 86, and 85 measurements of each of three different secondary standards and 296 measurements of our primary standard, KNSTD3110 (01-5-4). The average initial 9Be3+ beam current is 22 ± 3 μA (1 standard deviation). Secondary standard targets, which are measured as unknowns in each of the wheels, have average statistical uncertainties based on counting statistics of 1.8%, 1.3%, and 0.8% (1σ) (September 2009-March 2010) and 1.3%, 1.0%, and 0.6% (April 2010-September 2010) for standard materials with 10Be/9Be = 5.35 × 10-13, 9.72 × 10-13, and 8.56 × 10 -12, respectively. The mean measured ratio for each of the secondary standards (normalized to the primary standard) falls within the 1.1% uncertainties of the reported values for each standard material. The weighted standard deviation around the mean of this large number of runs is 2.5%, 2.0%, and 1.2% (September 2009-March 2010) and 1.5%, 1.1%, and 1.2% (April 2010-September 2010) for each secondary standard. These data indicate an additional source of uncertainty, 0.9-1.8% (April 2010-September 2010) and 0.2-1.0% (April 2010-September 2010), above that calculated from counting statistics alone. These 10Be AMS results demonstrate the precision and accuracy of the LLNL-CAMS system. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Journal article
    Portenga EW, Bierman PR, Rizzo DM, Rood DHet al., 2013,

    Low rates of bedrock outcrop erosion in the Central Appalachian mountains inferred from in situ <sup>10</sup>Be

    , Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol: 125, Pages: 201-215, ISSN: 0016-7606

    Bedrock outcrops are common on central Appalachian Mountain ridgelines. Because these ridgelines define watersheds, the rate at which they erode infl uences the pace of landscape evolution. To estimate ridgeline erosion rates, we sampled 72 quartz-bearing outcrops from the Potomac and Susquehanna River Basins and measured in situ-produced 10Be. Ridgeline erosion rates average 9 ± 1 m m.y.-1 (median = 6 m m.y.-1), similar to 10Be-derived rates previously reported for theregion. The range of erosion rates we calculated refl ects the wide distribution of samples we collected and the likely inclusion of outcrops affected by episodic loss of thick slabs and periglacial activity. Outcrops on main ridgelines erode slower than those on mountainside spur ridges because ridgelines are less likely to be covered by soil, which reducesthe production rate of 10Be and increases the erosion rate of rock. Ridgeline outcrops erode slower than drainage basinsin the Susquehanna and Potomac River watersheds, suggesting a landscape in disequilibrium. Erosion rates are more similar for outcrops meters to tens of meters apart than those at greater distances, yet semivariogram analysis suggests that outcrop erosion rates in the same physiographic province are similar even though they are hundreds of kilometers apart. This similarity may refl ect underlying lithological and/or structural properties common to each physiographic province. Average 10Be-derived outcrop erosion rates are similar to denudation rates determined by other means (sediment fl ux, fission-track thermochronology, [U-Th]/He dating), indicating that the pace of landscape evolution in the central Appalachian Mountains is slow, and has been since post-Triassic rifting events. © 2013 Geological Society of America.
  • Conference paper
    Liu JG, Mason PJ, Yu E, Wu MC, Chuan T, Runqiu H, Hanhu Let al., 2013,

    Earthquake damage zone GIS modelling: A modulation between co-seismic deformation and landslide susceptibility

    , Pages: 269-277

    In mountainous regions, earthquake events are typical of naturally-occurring multiple hazards and are frequently the trigger for cascade effects which range from the destruction of the initial shock, to extensive and complex slope failures in the immediate, short and very long-term. The conventional seismic intensity zonationmethod cannot adequately characterise both the current damage level and long-term geohazards, while detailed information is critical in guiding postdisastermitigation and regional development. In studying themost severely damagedBeichuan area by the Mw7.9Wenchuan earthquake, we proceeded with a qualitative numerical method for earthquake damage zonemapping which is novel in its integration of the multi-variable GIS modelling of geohazard susceptibility with co-seismic deformation via amodulation. This new model, we call it earthquake damage, characterise not only the destruction immediately after an earthquake but also the potential for future damage as the consequences of the earthquake. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.
  • Conference paper
    Vire A, Xiang J, Piggott M, Cotter C, Pain Cet al., 2013,

    Towards the fully-coupled numerical modelling of floating wind turbines

    , 10th Deep Sea Offshore Wind R and D Conference (DeepWind), Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: 43-51, ISSN: 1876-6102
  • Journal article
    Freitas TMB, Potts DM, Zdravkovic L, 2013,

    Some strengths and weaknesses of overstress based elastic viscoplastic models

    , Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, Pages: 107-114, ISSN: 1866-8755

    Various elastic viscoplastic models based on the overstress theory by Perzyna [9] have been proposed and are described in the literature. This paper presents the theoretical formulation of this type of models and highlights the abilities and shortcomings of such models to reproduce the time dependent behaviour of clays observed in the laboratory and the implications that these have when used in the analysis of boundary value problems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.
  • Conference paper
    Tumey SJ, Brown TA, Finkel RC, Rood DHet al., 2013,

    The feasibility of isobaric suppression of <sup>26</sup>Mg via post-accelerator foil stripping for the measurement of <sup>26</sup>Al

    , Pages: 406-409, ISSN: 0168-583X

    Most accelerator mass spectrometry measurements of 26Al utilize the Al- ion despite lower source currents compared with AlO - since the stable isobar 26Mg does not form elemental negative ions. A gas-filled magnet allows sufficient suppression of 26Mg thus enabling the use of the more intense 26AlO - ion. However, most AMS systems do not include a gas-filled magnet. We therefore explored the feasibility of suppressing 26Mg by using a post-accelerator stripping foil. With this approach, combined with the use of alternative cathode matrices, we were able to suppress 26Mg by a factor of 20. This suppression was insufficient to enable the use of 26AlO-, however further refinement of our system may permit its use in the future. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Journal article
    Jackson CAL, Chua S-T, Bell RE, Magee Cet al., 2013,

    Structural style and growth of early-stage inversion structures: insights from 3D seismic reflection data, Egersund Basin, offshore Norway

    , Journal of Structural Geology, Vol: 46, Pages: 167-185

    High-quality three-dimensional (3D) seismic reflection and borehole data from the Egersund Basin, offshore Norway are used to characterise the structural style and determine the timing of growth of inversion-related anticlines adjacent to a segmented normal fault system. Two thick-skinned normal faults, which offset Permian clastics and evaporites, delineate the north-eastern margin of the basin. These faults strike NNW-SSE, have up to 1900 m of displacement and are separated by an ESE-dipping, c. 10 km wide relay ramp. Both of these faults display exclusively normal separation at all structural levels and tip out upwards into the upper part of the Lower Cretaceous succession. At relatively shallow structural levels in the hangingwalls of these faults, a series of open, low-amplitude, fault-parallel anticlines are developed. These anticlines, which are asymmetric and verge towards the footwalls of the adjacent faults, are interpreted to have formed in response to mild inversion of the Egersund Basin. The amplitude of and apparent shortening associated with the anticlines vary along strike, and these variations mimic the along-strike variations in throw observed on the adjacent fault segments. We suggest that this relationship can be explained by along-strike changes in the propensity of the normal faults to reactivate during shortening; wider damage zones and lower angles of internal friction, coupled with higher pore fluids pressures at the fault centre, mean that reactivation is easier at this location than at the fault tips or in the undeformed country rock. Seismic-stratigraphic analysis of growth strata indicate that the folds initiated in the latest Turonian-to-earliest Coniacian (c. 88.6 Ma) and Santonian (c. 82.6 Ma); the control on this c. 6 Myr diachroneity in the initiation of fold growth is not clear, but it may be related to strain partitioning during the early stages of shortening. Anticline growth ceased in the Maastrichtian and the inversion event is
  • Journal article
    Jardine RJ, Zhu BT, Foray P, Yang ZXet al., 2013,

    Measurement of Stresses around Closed-Ended Displacement Piles in Sand

    , Geotechnique, Vol: 63, Pages: 1-17
  • Journal article
    Jardine RJ, Aghakouchak A, Sim WW, 2013,

    Cyclic triaxial tests to aid offshore pile analysis and design

    , Proceedings of the ICE - Geotechnical Engineering, Vol: 166, Pages: 111-121, ISSN: 1353-2618

    Renewable offshore energy structures experience unusually high levels of cyclic loading under storm and operating conditions. Laboratory and full-scale tests provide one route to develop rational foundation design approaches for such structures. Analytical approaches may also be developed from soil element testing and modelling. This paper outlines preliminary results from such a study. Computer-controlled stress path triaxial equipment, employing high-resolution local strain instrumentation, is adopted for experiments on Dunkerque and Fontainebleau sands designed to support parallel full-scale field and laboratory-model testing programmes involving axial pile loading. The triaxial experiments comprise suites of constant-volume uniform cyclic tests on K 0 over-consolidated specimens employing different amplitudes, performed in conjunction with static and multi-stage experiments that examine the effects of non-uniform cyclic loading. Preliminary results reveal the relationships between cyclic deviator stress, mean effective stress changes and number of cycles, as well as patterns of permanent and cyclic strain development.
  • Journal article
    Kumar K, Stafford PJ, Elghazouli AY, 2013,

    Influence of ground motion characteristics on drift demands in steelmoment frames designed to Eurocode 8

    , Engineering Structures, Vol: 52, Pages: 502-517
  • Journal article
    Kumar M, Stafford PJ, Elghazouli AY, 2013,

    Seismic shear demands in multi-storey steel frames designed to Eurocode 8

    , Engineering Structures, Vol: 52, Pages: 69-87
  • Journal article
    Dorra EM, Stafford PJ, Elghazouli AY, 2013,

    Earthquake loss estimation for Greater Cairo and the national economic implications

    , Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, ISSN: 1570-761X
  • Journal article
    Armitage JJ, Dunkley Jones T, Duller RA, Whittaker AC, Allen PAet al., 2013,

    Temporal buffering of climate-driven sediment flux cycles by transient catchment response

    , EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, Vol: 369-370, Pages: 200-210
  • Journal article
    Agar S, Geiger S, Leonide P, Lamarche J, Bertotti G, Gosselin O, Hampson GJ, Jackson MD, Jones G, Kenter J, Matthai SK, Neilson J, Pyrak-Nolte L, Whittaker Fet al., 2013,

    Summary of the AAPG–SPE–SEG Hedberg Research Conference on “Fundamental Controls on Flow in Carbonates”

    , AAPG Bulletin, Vol: 97, Pages: 533-552

    A joint AAPG–Society of Petroleum Engineers–Society of Exploration Geophysicists Hedberg Research Conference was held in Saint-Cyr sur Mer, France, on July 8 to 13, 2012, to review current research and explore future research directions related to improved production from carbonate reservoirs. Eighty-seven scientists from academia and industry (split roughly equally) attended for five days. A primary objective for the conference was to explore novel connections among different disciplines (primarily within geoscience and reservoir engineering) as a way to define new research opportunities. Research areas represented included carbonate sedimentology and stratigraphy, structural geology, geomechanics, hydrology, reactive transport modeling, seismic imaging (including four-dimensional seismic, tomography, and seismic forward modeling), geologic modeling and forward modeling of geologic processes, petrophysics, statistical methods, numerical methods for simulation, reservoir engineering, pore-scale processes, in-situ flow experiments (e.g., x-ray computed tomography), visualization, and methods for data interaction.
  • Journal article
    Jackson CA-L, Chua ST, Bell RE, Magee Cet al., 2013,

    Structural style and early stage growth of inversion structures: 3D seismic insights from the Egersund Basin, offshore Norway

    , Journal of Structural Geology, Vol: 46, Pages: 167-185
  • Conference paper
    Reeve MT, Bell RE, Jackson CA-L, 2013,

    The influence of Caledonian structures on Late Jurassic faulting offshore western Norway: new insights from 3D seismic reflection data, STUDENT ORAL PRESENTATION PRIZE WINNER

    , Tectonic Studies Group Annual Meeting
  • Conference paper
    Bell RE, Jackson CA-L, Whipp PS, Clements Bet al., 2013,

    Quantifying the timing and magnitude of fault reactivation in the northern North Sea

    , Tectonic Studies Group Annual Meeting
  • Conference paper
    Bell RE, McNeill LC, Nixon C, Henstock T, Bull J, Christodoulou D, Papatheodorou G, Taylor B, Ferentinos G, Sakellariou D, Lykousis V, Sachpazi M, Ford M, Goodliffe A, Leeder M, Gawthorpe G, Collier R, Clements Bet al., 2013,

    Basin evolution and the distribution of strain within the Gulf of Corinthrift

    , EGU General Assembly
  • Journal article
    Potter RWK, Kring DA, Collins GS, Kiefer WS, McGovern PJet al., 2013,

    Numerical modeling of the formation and structure of the Orientale impact basin

    , Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Pages: n/a-n/a, ISSN: 2169-9100

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