@article{Grist:2015:10.1007/s00382-015-2819-3,
author = {Grist, JP and Josey, SA and Jacobs, ZL and Marsh, R and Sinha, B and Van, Sebille E},
doi = {10.1007/s00382-015-2819-3},
journal = {Climate Dynamics},
pages = {4027--4045},
title = {Extreme air–sea interaction over the North Atlantic subpolar gyre during the winter of 2013–2014 and its sub-surface legacy},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2819-3},
volume = {46},
year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Exceptionally low North American temperaturesand record-breaking precipitation over the BritishIsles during winter 2013–2014 were interconnectedby anomalous ocean evaporation over the North Atlanticsubpolar gyre region (SPG). This evaporation (or oceaniclatent heat release) was accompanied by strong sensibleheat loss to the atmosphere. The enhanced heat loss overthe SPG was caused by a combination of surface westerlywinds from the North American continent and northerlywinds from the Nordic Seas region that were colder,drier and stronger than normal. A distinctive feature of the air–sea exchange was that the enhanced heat loss spannedthe entire width of the SPG, with evaporation anomaliesintensifying in the east while sensible heat flux anomalieswere slightly stronger upstream in the west. The immediateimpact of the strong air–sea fluxes on the ocean–atmospheresystem included a reduction in ocean heat content ofthe SPG and a shift in basin-scale pathways of ocean heatand atmospheric freshwater transport. Atmospheric reanalysisdata and the EN4 ocean data set indicate that a longertermlegacy of the winter has been the enhanced formationof a particularly dense mode of Subpolar Mode Water(SPMW)—one of the precursors of North Atlantic DeepWater and thus an important component of the AtlanticMeridional Overturning Circulation. Using particle trajectoryanalysis, the likely dispersal of newly-formed SPMWis evaluated, providing evidence for the re-emergence ofanomalously cold SPMW in early winter 2014/2015.
AU  - Grist,JP
AU  - Josey,SA
AU  - Jacobs,ZL
AU  - Marsh,R
AU  - Sinha,B
AU  - Van,Sebille E
DO  - 10.1007/s00382-015-2819-3
EP  - 4045
PY  - 2015///
SN  - 1432-0894
SP  - 4027
TI  - Extreme air–sea interaction over the North Atlantic subpolar gyre during the winter of 2013–2014 and its sub-surface legacy
T2  - Climate Dynamics
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2819-3
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/27710
VL  - 46
ER  - 

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